Download Materi materi fungsi permintaan

n Ceteris Paribus
(Hal-hal lain dianggap tetap)

n  Harga barang lain

n  Pendapatan masyarakat

n  Selera konsumen

n  Jumlah penduduk

n  Ramalan dimasa yang akan datang

n  Promosi perusahaan

n  SKEDUL PERMINTAAN

Fungsi permintaan Mobil Sedan:

Qd = 200 – 10P

•    Buatlah skedul permintaan Mobil Sedan

•    Buatlah kurva permintaan Mobil Sedan

       Menunjukkan bahwa bertambah atau berkurangnya permintaan terhadap suatu barang disebabkan oleh perubahan harga barang itu sendiri.

n  Skedul Penawaran

n  Fungsi penawaran Mobil Sedan

Qs = -40 + 5P

•    Buatlah skedul penawaran mobil sedan

•    Buatlah kurva penawaran mobil sedan

n Keseimbangan Pasar

n     Permintaan: Qd = 200 – 10P

n     Penawaran:  Qs = -40 + 5P

Qs, Qd = ribu unit per tahun

P         = puluh juta rupiah per unit

•     Tentukan harga dan jumlah keseimbangan pasar.

•     Apakah yang akan terjadi jika harga mobil ditetapkan menjadi Rp 150 juta?

•     Apa yang akan terjadi jika harga mobil ditetapkan menjadi Rp 170 juta?

n  SOAL-SOAL

n     KASUS PASAR MOBIL SEDAN

Diketahui Fungsi permintaan Qd = 200 – 10 P

               Fungsi penawaran Qs = -40 + 5 P

•     Tentukan harga dan kuantitas keseimbangan

•     Jika ditetapkan harga mobil sebesar Rp. 150 juta, apa yang terjadi dengan keseimbangan pasar mobil?

Keterangan: Qd, Qs = ribu unit per bulan

                   P         = puluh juta rupiah per unit

n  SOAL-SOAL

n     KASUS PASAR GABAH

Diketahui fungsi permintaan gabah di Malang  Qd = 2000 – 3 P

Fungsi penawaran Qs = -500 + 2 P

•     Berapakah harga dan kuantitas keseimbangan gabah?

•     Jika pemerintah menetapkan harga dasar gabah Rp. 600.000 per ton, apa yang terjadi dengan keseimbangan pasar gabah?

Keterangan: Qs, Qd = ribu ton per musim

                  p         = ratus ribu rupiah per ton

n  PROBLEMS

1.   Explain the following`statements, using the supply and demand diagrams:

•     Since drinking coffee in cafes has become fashionable among adults, the price of a cup of coffee has risen.

•     It has been such a mild summer, the electrical retailers are having cut price sales to reduce their stocks of fans and air conditioners.

c. Floods in Bojonegoro, Ngawi and Solo have led to an increase in the price of rice  all around Midle of Java.

2. For each of the following markets, indicate whether the stated change causes a shift of the supply curve, a shift of the demand curve, a movement along the supply curve or a movement along the demand curve.

•     The hausing market: Consumers income increase

•     The domestic air travel market: a major carrier goes out of business.

c. The computer market: the price of broadband falls.

d. The milk market: the price of milk increase and the amount of milk people are willing to buy declines.

e. The fast-food market: the number of fast-food restaurants in the area increases.

f. The video rental market: the number of consumers in the area decreases.

3. Draw a supply and demand diagram for each of the following changes in the bicycle market and show what happens.

•     Inline skates replace bicycles as the most popular form of transportation for young people.

•     Income of people who like to ride bicycles increase.

•     Technology for producing bicycles improves.

•     The cost of the metal alloy used in producing bicycles increases.